Proxy Servers: What Are They And How Do They Work

by Melissa Smich on June 3, 2010

Search-Engine-MarketingA proxy server is a computer that provides network and internet access services to the client computers in a network.  A proxy server stands in as a computer. In an enterprise setup, it acts as an intermediary  between Internet and workstation user.  This  way  the network administrator can have complete administrative control over the network. It also enhances security of network and acts as caching  service  of the  network.

The proxy server can also be used to hide or conceal  your IP address, thus, making your network id anonymous. A proxy server can also be associated with  a gateway server that  separates the  outside network and enterprise network and can also be a part of such gateway servers. This way proxy server protects the enterprise network from external intrusion.

A proxy server works by tapping connection between sender and receiver.  All incoming data enters through one port, and then, the data is forwarded to other client machines on the network  through another port.  The proxy server blocks direct access between two networks, and thus, makes the hacking task  more difficult.  The reason for this difficulty is hackers cannot get details of private network or any internal addresses, which are necessary for hacking.

The proxy server gets a request for an Internet service, such as, webpage from a user in network.

If the request manages to pass through specified filtering requirements, the proxy server (if it also acting as cache server) looks for local cache of  previously visited webpages. If the webpage is found, the proxy server forwards the webpage to the user, and does not forward the request to the Internet. However, if the requested webpage is not in local cache, the proxy server acts on behalf of the client, and sends the request for the webpage on the Internet. The proxy server forwards its own IP addresses with the request. When the request webpage is  returned, the webpage is related to the request made by the client and forwards it to the user.

The best example we can see of a proxy server is that of a web proxy.  When  a web proxy is configured on a network, the web browser contacts the web proxy server for each web access.  The proxy server  then  sends the real request for every web access requests, gets the response and forwards the received webpage to the client who had requested it. A proxy server is also combined with  firewall . It helps your Internet to work more efficiently.

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